Cheddar

This recipe describes the making of Cheddar.

A Cheddar cheese is somewhat complicated to make at home. You need quite a few of tools, plus lots of patience and persistance to see it right through to the end. Still, if you are determined and prepared to do what it takes, you will succeed!

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Ingredients:


Milk
:

10 litre whole milk
+ evt. ¼ litre cream

Starter culture:

1 ml calcium chloride solution
10 pinch of Mix starter 

Rennet:

3 ml

Salt:

40 g - eventually smoked salt

Preparations:
Steps:
  • In a pot, slowly heat the milk to 32°C.
  • Add starter culture.
  • Put a lid on the pot and wrap a towel around it to keep it warm.
    Leave the milk to acidify.
    Rest for 1 hour.

  • Add rennet and stir thoroughly.
    Leave the milk to coagulate for 35-50 minutes, at 32°C. 

  • Cutting and stirring: Cut curd into 10 mm cubes.

  • Let the curd rest for 5 minutes, then stir gently for 20 minutes until cheese grains floats freely.
  • Stir frequently for the next 30 - 40 minutes while slowly heating the milk, only increasing the temperature by 0,2 - 0,3°C/ min. A nice slow way to increase the temperature is by adding small portions of hot water (~80°C) little by little - while stirring. Scoop out some of the whey from time to time.

    Goal: 38 - 40°C.
  • Let the curd rest for 30 - 60 minutes and stir when necessary to seperate the grains and keep them from sticking together. 

    Meassure if pH is correct:
    Goal: pH ca. 6,1.

    If measured pH value is too high, give the curd a bit more time to rest. Remember to stir to keep the grains seperated.

  • Line a clean pot with cheese cloth and pour the curd in.

  • Place a mould in the pot you just emptied.

  • Get hold of the corners of the cheese cloth and lift it up to let the whey run off - keep it, you need it later.
  • Move the curd to the cheese mould.

  • Place the lid on the mould and put a light pressure on it. Keep the pot warm, ensuring the curd stays at 40°C, e.g. by switching the heating plate on-off momentarily. 

  • Every 15-20 minutes, take the curd out of the mould, cut it in lumps and put it back into the mould. Add light pressure once again. Keep repeating this procedure until pH reaches ~5.3. At this point the curd ought to seem dry as boiled chicken breast.

  • Cut the cheese into 1 cm little cubes, air and cool them to 25°C.

  • Sprinkle the cubes with 2% salt - mix it in well. 

  • Pack them into a mould lined with cheese cloth, fold the cloth over the top, and put the mould lid on.

  • Put light pressure on the cheese to begin with. When the temperature has dropped, add up to 200 kg pressure - from 12 hours to several days!

  • Dry the cheese, wrap it in cheese paper and mature it at 7-11°C for 4-12 months. A thermobox where you can control the temperature by adding cooling elements can serve as an ideal place for maturation.

  • Turn the cheese over from time to time, rub it in salt and perhaps brush it with a vegetable oil to protect it against mould.

  • Should mouldy patches appear on the crust, promptly scrabe them off, rub salt on the crust and brush it with oil once again for optimal protection.
Tips:
  • Kan saltes med røget salt - det giver et særligt præg

  • Farvet cheddar - Orange/gul
    ----------------------------------------
    Vi har fundet annattofrø hos Camilla Plum - fuglebjerggaard.dk - i økologisk kvalitet - Tak Camilla

    -----------------------------------------

    Vi vil lave en annatto-farve-ekstrakt:
    -----------------------------------------
    2 tsk. annatto frø
    ½ dl vand

    Koges i en lille gryde eller i mikrobølgeovn af flere omgange: Kog op, omrør, afkøl, kog op, omrør, afkøl, ...

    Brug nu en sigte og masser frøene så overfladen gnides/skrabes mod sigtens masker.

    Sigt frøene fra - tilbage er der nu ~ ¼ dl / 2 spsk / 6 tsk.

    Til 10 liter mælk bruges "måske" 1 - 4 tsk annatto ekstrakt, som fortyndes med ½ dl vand inden det tilsættes. Vi vil snarligt teste med netop indkøbte annattofrø - Vi laver snart en test med 0, 2 og 4 tsk annatto ekstrakt for at erfare udfaldet. 

    Tilsættes umiddelbart før osteløben - omrør grundigt inden osteløben tilsættes.
    ---------------------------------------
    Annatto er et orangerødt farvestof (og krydderi) udvundet af frøene fra frugten af achiote-træet (Bixa orellana), som er hjemmehørende i tropiske dele af Amerika.

    Annatto bruges ofte til at give fødevarer en gul til rød-orange farve, men også for dets smag og aroma. Duften beskrives som "let pebret med et strejf af muskatnød", og dets smag som "let nøddeagtig, sød og pebret".

    Annattos farve kommer fra forskellige carotenoidpigmenter, hovedsageligt bixin og norbixin, der findes i frøenes rødlige voksagtige belægning. Farvende effekter kan opnås ved at ekstrahere farve- og smagsstofferne fra frøenes overflade med varmt vand, olie eller fedtstoffer, som derefter tilsættes fødevaren. Krydderiet fremstilles typisk ved at male frøene til et pulver eller en pasta.

    Annatto og dets ekstrakter anvendes nu i vid udstrækning i håndværksmæssig eller industriel skala som farvestof (e160b) i mange forarbejdede fødevarer, såsom oste, smørbare mejeriprodukter, smør og margarine, vaniljecremer, kager og andet bagværk, kartofler, snacks, morgenmadsprodukter, røget fisk og pølser. I disse anvendelser er annatto et naturligt alternativ til syntetiske fødevarefarvestoffer, men det er blevet forbundet med sjældne tilfælde af fødevarerelaterede allergier. Annatto er af særlig kommerciel værdi i USA, fordi FDA (Food and Drug Administration) anser farvestoffer afledt af annatto frø for at være "fritaget for certificering".